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Some Useful Mathematical Tools To Remember
monotonically increasing, strictly increasing
monotonically decreasing, strictly decreasing
lg n =
log
2
n
= binary logarithm
ln n =
log
e
n
= natural logarithm, e = 2.7182...
log
b
a
n
=
n log
b
a
log
c
(
ab
) =
log
c
a
+
log
c
b
a =
b
log
b
a
a
log
b
n
=
n
log
b
a
log
a
b
=
Stirling's approximation to n! =
Splitting summations
Mathematical Induction
Review other tools starting on page 34
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